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Hd Baby Wallpapers  Biography

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Did the baby start out ready equipped with ideas of space, personal identity, time, causation, such as we find so ineradicable 

in our own minds? That is, did she see objects about her, located in space, nearer and farther, right and left, and all outside 

and separate from herself, as we do? Hear sounds coming from without, as we do? Did she feel herself a separate thing from 

the outer world? Did she perceive events as happening in timesuccession, one after another? And did she think of one thing

as happening because of another, so that, for instance, she was capable of crying in order to cause her dinner to be brought? 

The hope of answering such questions was the first stimulus to the study of infants, and the earlier records are much occupied 

with them. Philosophers nowadays are less disposed to think that we can prove anything about the doctrine of innate ideas by 

finding whether babies have such ideas to begin with; for we might indeed have ideas that came direct from God, or from the

nature of the mind, and yet might not enter into our inheritance of these at once. 

To me, however, not seeking to solve philosophical problems, butonly to watch and comprehend what was going on in the 

baby's  mind,  it  was  none  the  less  interesting  to  try  to  make  out  the  condition  of  her  senses  and  consciousness  —  though 

without the careful special investigations certain physiologists had made before, I should have found it blind guessing as to 

how much she really did see, hear, and feel; for these processes, of course, went on inside her little mind, and could only  be 

inferred from her behavior. 

She  evidently  felt  a  difference  between  light  and  darkness from  the  first  hour,  for  she  stopped  crying  when  her  face  was 

exposed  to  gentle  light;  and  other  observers  confirm  this.  Two  or  three  report  also  a  turning  of  the  head  toward  the  light

within the first week. The nurse, who was intelligent and exact, thought she saw this in the case of my niece. I did not,  but I 

saw  instead  a  constant  turning  of  the  eyes  toward  a  person  coming  near  her  —  that  is,  toward  a  large  dark  mass  that 

interrupted  the light.  Either  movement  must  be regarded  as  entirely  instinctive  or  reflex.  Even  plants  will  turn toward  the 

light, and among animal movements this is one of the most primitive; while the habit of looking toward any dark moving 

mass  runs  far  back  in  animal  history,  and  may  well  have  become  fixed  in  the  bodily  mechanism.  With  the  beginning  of 

voluntary looking these instinctive movements fade. 

No  other  sign  of  vision  appeared  in  the  little  one  during  the  first  fortnight.  The  eyes  were  directed  to  nothing,  fixed  on 

nothing. They did not wink if one made a pass at them. There wasno change of focus for near or distant seeing; the two eyes 

did not even move always hi unison, — and as the lids also had by no means learned yet to move symmetrically with the balls 

and with each other, some extraordinary and alarming contortions resulted. 

True seeing, such as we ourselves have, is not just a matter of opening the eyes and letting the vision pour in; it requires a 

great deal of minute muscular adjustment, both of the eyeballs  and of the lenses, and it is impossible that a baby should see

anything but blurs of light and dark (without even any distinction of distance) till he has learned the adjustments. Not colored 

blurs, but light and dark only, for no trace of color sense has ever been detected within the first fortnight of life, no certain 

evidence of it even within the first year. 

The baby showed no sign of hearing anything until the third day,  when she started violently at the sound of tearing paper, 

some eight feet from her. After that, occasional harsh or sudden sounds — oftener the rustling of paper than anything else—

could make her start or cry. 

It is well established by the careful tests of several physiologists that babies are deaf for a period lasting from several hours to 

several days after birth. The outer tube of the ear is often closed by its own walls, and the middle ear is always stopped up 

with fluid. Even after the ear itself is clear and ready for hearing, few sounds are noticed; perhaps because the outer passage 

is  still  so  narrow,  perhaps  because  of  imperfect  nerve  connections  with  the  brain,  perhaps  because  sounds  are  not 

distinguished, but go all together into a sort of blur, just as the  sights do. As the usual effect of sounds on wee babies is to 

startle them, and to set off convulsive reflex movements, it is well forthem that hearing is so tardy in development. 

There is noticeable variation in sensitiveness to hearing,  not only among different babies, but in the same baby at different 

times. A sound that startles on one day seems to pass absolutely unheard on the next. 

In observing the sensibility to sound, one may easily be misled.. If a baby starts when a door slams or a heavy object falls, it 

is more likely to be the jar than the sound that affects him; if he becomes restless when one claps the hands or speaks, it may 

be because he felt a puff of air on his head. The tap of an ordinary call bell is a good sound to test with, causing neither  jar 

nor air current. 

Taste and smell were senses that the baby gave no sign of owning till much later. The satisfaction of hunger was quite enough 

to account for the contentment she showed in nursing; and when shewas not hungry she would suck the most tasteless object 

as cheerfully as any other. Physiologists, however, have had the  daring to make careful test of smell and taste in the newborn, putting a wee drop of quinine, sugar, salt, or acid solution onthe babies' tongues, and strong odors to their noses, and 

have been made certain by the resulting behavior that these senses do exist from the first. But it requires rather strong tests to 

call them into action. Many babies, for instance, suck at a  two per cent, solution of quinine as if it were sugar; so  it seems 

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Hd Baby Wallpapers  Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile