Baby Boy Wallpaper Biography
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Nothing is so helpless as the human
baby, and in that helplessness is our glory, for it means thatthe activities of the race (as John Fiske has so clearly shown)
have become too many, too complex, too infrequently repeated, to become fixed in the nervous structure before birth; hence
the long period after birth before the child comes to full humanpowers, It is a maxim of biology (as well as the frequent
lesson of common observation) that while an organism is thus immature and plastic, it many learn, it by change, it may rise to
higher development; and thus to infancy we owe the rank of the human race.
The one instinct the human baby always brings into the world already developed is half a mere reflex act — that of sucking.
It is started as a reflex would be, by the touch of some object, pencil, finger, or nipple, it may be, between the lips; but it does
not act like a reflex after that. It continues and ceases without reference to this external stimulus, and a little later often begins
without it, or fails to begin when the stimulus is given. If it has originally a reflex character, that character fades out, and
leaves it a pure instinct.
These two types of automatic movement (for instinct, however complicated later with volition, gives rise in these earliest
days to none but automatic movement) are both " purposive," though not purposed — that is, they are actions that are plainly
adapted to some end by ancestral intelligence or by natural selection. But there was another type of movements more
conspicuous in our baby than either, and apparently quite non-purposive. From the first day she moved slightly, but almost
constantly, the legs drawing up, the arms stirring, the eyes and head rolling a little. Sometimes the features were distorted
with vague and meaningless grimaces. Most other observers report these movements, and inexperienced ones say that the
baby "felt with his hands about his face," or " tried to get his hands to his head." Any mother may convince herself that the
baby has no will in the matter by watching till he really does begin to try, weeks later, to turn his head, put his hands to his
mouth, kick up his legs: the difference in the whole manner of the action is evident.
An odd explanation has been offered for these movements by Dr. Mumford, an English physiologist. He holds that they have
a singular resemblance to those of swimming amphibians; that their prototype may be seen in any aquarium; they are, in
short, survivals of the period long before the apelike stage, long before any mammalian stage, when our ancestors had not yet
abandoned life in the waters.
Now, although it is quite true that biologists believe that if our ancestry as traced far enough, it does lead back to the water, it
seems hardly possible that in a human baby, whose structure passed the amphibian stage long before birth, the most frequent
movements should hark back to that tremendous antiquity. It is more likely that Preyer's explanation is the correct one: viz.,
that the movements are simply due to the rapid growth of nerve centers, which causes an overflow of nervous force to the
muscles and makes them contract at haphazard. A certain regularity is given to these chance movements by the tendency of
nerve impulse to flow in the same paths where it has flowed before, rather than in new ones, so that the muscles are drawn
toward the position they occupied before birth. This brings thehands constantly up about the head — a fact that later has
important result in development.
These aimless movements are called " impulsive " by Preyer. I have followed Bain and Mrs. Moore in calling them
"spontaneous." There were no movements beyond these three types, and therefore none that showed the least volition.
Mothers often think the crying shows wish, will, or understanding of some sort. But Preyer tells us that babies born without a
brain cry in just the same manner.
Mothers do not like to think that the baby is at first an automaton; and they would be quite right in objecting if that
meant that he was a mere machine. He is an automaton in the sense that he has practically neither thought, wish, nor
will; but he is a living, conscious automaton, and that makes all the difference in the world. And it would be a bold
psychologist who should try to say what germ of thought and will lies enfolded in his helplessness. Certainly, the
capacity of developing will is there, and an automaton withsuch a capacity is a more wonderful creature than the wise,
thinking, willing baby of nursery tradition would be.
If mothers would only reflect how little developed a baby's mind is at a year old, after all the progress of twelve months, they
would see that they rate the mental starting point altogether too high. And they miss thus the whole drama of the swiftand
lovely unfolding of the soul from its invisible germ — a drama that sometimes fairly catches one's breath in the throat with
excitement and wonder.
III
THE NEWBORN BABY:
SENSATIONS AND CONSCIOUSNESS.
I have said that the baby began the world as an automaton, but aconscious, feeling automaton. And what, then, were these
feelings and this consciousness? What was the outfit for beginning the world that the little mind brought with it? When I
asked such questions I was skirting the edge of one of the great battlegrounds of philosophy. Whether all human ideas are
made up solely from one's own experience of the outer world as given him by his senses, or whether there are, on the
contrary, inborn ideas, implanted directly by nature or God, — this is a question on which volumes have been written.
Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
.jpg)
Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
.jpg)
Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile

Baby Boy Wallpaper Wallpaper Pattern Design Border Download With Quotes Hd Free Download for Nursery for Mobile
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